CERN - Thomas Griffiths

I. Introduction

CERN, which stands for the European Organization of Nuclear Research is a lab underground which is comprised of scientists from many different countries. The lab is used for doing particle physics and trying to explain them. The scientists at CERN use huge particle accelerators such as the LHC to do this. Some of the member countries that are in this organization are: Austria, Belguim, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Nehterlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK.("All CERN countries," 2009)

II. Creation/Timeline of CERN

CERN was founded by Louis de Broglie and Isidor Rabi in 1954. The purpose of the creation of CERN are: seeking/finding the answers to questions about the universe, advancing in scientific technologies, bring countries together to collaborate on science, and to train scientists. CERN was built underneath Geneva.
("CERN," 2009)

Timeline of CERN:

1954- Founding of European Science
1957- First accelerator begins operations
1959- PS is created (Proton Synchrotron)
1968- devolpment of multiwire proportional
chamber (Georges Charpak)

1971- Proton-proton collider is created
1973- Neutral curents are discovered
1976- SPS is created (Super Proton Synchrotron)
1983- discovery of W and Z particles
1986- heavy-ion collisons begin in SPS
1989- LEP is created (Large Electron-Positron)
1990- The Web is created (Tim Berners-Lee)
1993- Results of antimatter-matter asymmetry
1995- first look at anti-hydrogen
2002- capture of anti-hydrogen
2008- LHC is created (Large Hadron Collider)

("CERN," 2009)

III. LHC

The LHC is a Large Hadron Collider. The point of it is to recreate the Big Bang theory in an atempt to explain why everything was created. It is also used to test out other particle physics using these experiments: ATLAS, ALICE, CMS, LHCb, TOTEM, and LHCf.

ATLAS and CMS- used to analyse particles given off by the collisions. (big)

ALICE and LHCb- used to analyse the collisions compared to phenomena. (medium)

TOTEM and LHCf- used to study forward particles. (small)

In the video below it shows how the LHC works: ("CERN," 2009)

http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/1125472

IV. Impact on the world


CERN has expanded/invented many scientific advances (shown in timeline). With these advances CERN has helped get closer to many questions on how stuff was created and why. They have also brought together many countries to work together on one common goal, science.
("CERN," 2009)

V. Journal article

In this journal article they talk about how they produced antihydrogen along with how they need a cluster target at a antiproton beam. He also explains what antimatter is and says that it is very hard to experiment on due to it only lasting for less than a second. Along with his lengthy explanation of what is going on he also has diagrams to show exactly what is going on.

http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/294105/files/open-96-001.pdf?version=1

VI. References

Pics:

1. http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.orbit.zkm.de/files/cern.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.orbit.zkm.de/%3Fq%3Dnode/366&usg=__k_xs4XVM2GuWziDh9PjhjiOM0Us=&h=292&w=410&sz=21&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=-md-kFdwuAxqiM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=155&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCERN%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D519%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=278&vpy=102&dur=1990&hovh=189&hovw=266&tx=137&ty=91&ei=thAFTb22LcK88gbwxJzpAg&oei=thAFTb22LcK88gbwxJzpAg&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0

2. http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.infiniteunknown.net/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/cern-superconductor_798280c.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.infiniteunknown.net/tag/cern/&usg=__wnUfiJspMY0-BRDnpW04fWuiRB4=&h=288&w=460&sz=55&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=RlEp1pBFY6CdYM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=155&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCERN%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D519%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=103&vpy=106&dur=3877&hovh=178&hovw=284&tx=190&ty=75&ei=thAFTb22LcK88gbwxJzpAg&oei=thAFTb22LcK88gbwxJzpAg&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0

3. http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.kfki.hu/~tokaj08/CERN_LHC_tunnel.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.kfki.hu/~tokaj08/circ1.html&usg=__hMM79Z6-9SiSMjObz1ZN-jXeQa0=&h=354&w=640&sz=38&hl=en&start=16&zoom=1&tbnid=lCTE3p4dsGF_hM:&tbnh=82&tbnw=149&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCERN%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1020%26bih%3D519%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=rc&dur=186&ei=8xAFTcmkB8H88AbyztnyAg&oei=thAFTb22LcK88gbwxJzpAg&esq=2&page=2&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:16&tx=82&ty=24

Websites:

1. All CERN countries (2009). International Relations.
Retrieved December 12, 2010, from http://
international-relations.web.cern.ch/
International-Relations/office/listcountries.html

2. CERN (2009). European Organization of Nuclear Research
Retrieved December 11, 2010, from http://
public.web.cern.ch/public/Welcome.html